攻克高考阅读理解(3)

　　例3. (2010湖北)Both sides want peace， but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part， this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents’ point of view， the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’ complete unreasonableness. And of course the teens see it in exactly the same way， except oppositely.

　　56. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?

　　A. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.

　　B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.

　　C. The teens cause their parents of misleading them.

　　D. The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents.

　　学生易选B，认为从题干本身see it in exactly the same way可得知，这其实是望文生义。

　　解析：通读该段不难从上下文In part， this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents’ point of view， the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’ complete unreasonableness. 可以得出信息：双方都不愿承认引起争执的责任。从父母的角度看，争执的起因是青少年们的不理解，由此我们可以推出青少年们会觉得争执是由父母引起的，即原因在于parents’ complete unreasonableness， 故选A。另外，从句子中的the same，结合上文也能得出答案。

　　四、推理判断题

　　㈠题型特点

　　推理判断题一般包括数字推理、知识推断和逻辑推理。它主要考察我们理清上下逻辑关系的能力，可以算是各类题型中最难的一种。推理题常常考查考生进行有关的判断、推理和引申、理解作者的意图、观点或态度等，逻辑词常用的有：infer， imply， suggest， conclude等。

　　㈡命题陷阱

　　1.以事实代替推断：选项只是原文的简单复述，而非推断出来的结论，把直接表达当成间接推理。

　　2.混淆行文逻辑：看似从原文推断出来的结论，然而实际上与原文不符，比如把原文的原因变成了选项中的结果等等。

　　3.貌似合理却并非推理：根据常识判断是正确的，但并非依据文章事实或上下文逻辑基础上推理而得出的观点。

　　㈢应对策略

　　1.解答此类题时，不仅要理解文章表面的意思，更重要的是挖掘其潜在的含义，要结合上下文进行合理的推断。因此，要仔细推敲四个选项，比较哪一个更符合原文的意思。

　　2.要忠实于原文，尊重作者的思想和写作目的，不要凭自己的经验主观臆断。尤其要把握作者的写作意图，了解作者想表达什么，只有这样才不会背离原文。

　　例4.(2010山东) Even with a staff of 22 volunteers， Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause， while still doing his full-time job waiting tables. “Of the diabetes charities out there， most are putting money into finding a cure，” says Bentley Gubar，one of Rockstar’s original members. “But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.”

　　60. The last paragraph suggests that Thomas ______.

　　A. works full-time in a diabetes charity

　　B. employs 22 people for his website

　　C. helps diabetics in his own way

　　D. ties to find a cure for diabetes

　　学生易选D，误认为从Of the diabetes charities out there， most are putting money into finding a cure.推断出Thomas tries to find a cure for diabetes.其实不然，Thomas将大部分的钱投入到治愈糖尿病的研究当中，而并非他本人努力去找疗法。

　　解析：根据But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.可知Thomas在用自己的方式帮助糖尿病人，所以C项正确。A项与Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause，while still doing his full-time job waiting tables.不符;B项与Even with a staff of 22 volunteers不符。故答案为C。

　　五、观点态度题

　　㈠题型特点

　　观点态度题主要考查考生对文章作者或文中人物的态度、观点等方面的理解，这类题目的答案通常是隐含在文章中。

　　㈡命题陷阱

　　1. 用他人的态度观点代替作者的态度观点从而干扰考生的思维。

　　2. 态度观点符合常识或考生主观想法，但不符合文章内容。

　　㈢应对策略

　　1.首先考生应识别常见的表示态度的一些词：opposition反对， suspicion怀疑，approval支持，indifference冷漠(一般不选)，optimistic乐观的， neutral 中立的，subjective主观的，objective客观的，positive 肯定的，negative 否定的，pessimistic悲观的，biased有偏见的，impartial偏心的，sensitive 敏感的。

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